File: //lib/python3/dist-packages/twisted/internet/__pycache__/defer.cpython-312.pyc
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Support for results that aren't immediately available.
Maintainer: Glyph Lefkowitz
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This error is raised by default when a L{Deferred} times out.
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This error is raised when a coroutine is expected and something else is
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Log and return failure.
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deferred gets garbage collected after being this errback has been called,
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� )�log�failure)rN s r7 �logErrorrS g s � � �K�K��C�� �Jr9 �result� Deferred[_T]c �< � t � }|j | � |S )a
Return a L{Deferred} that has already had C{.callback(result)} called.
This is useful when you're writing synchronous code to an
asynchronous interface: i.e., some code is calling you expecting a
L{Deferred} result, but you don't actually need to do anything
asynchronous. Just return C{defer.succeed(theResult)}.
See L{fail} for a version of this function that uses a failing
L{Deferred} rather than a successful one.
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method.
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Return a L{Deferred} that has already had C{.errback(result)} called.
See L{succeed}'s docstring for rationale.
@param result: The same argument that L{Deferred.errback} takes.
@raise NoCurrentExceptionError: If C{result} is L{None} but there is no
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Create a L{Deferred} from a callable and arguments.
Call the given function with the given arguments. Return a L{Deferred}
which has been fired with its callback as the result of that invocation
or its C{errback} with a L{Failure} for the exception thrown.
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Invoke a function that may or may not return a L{Deferred}.
Call the given function with the given arguments. If the returned
object is a L{Deferred}, return it. If the returned object is a L{Failure},
wrap it with L{fail} and return it. Otherwise, wrap it in L{succeed} and
return it. If an exception is raised, convert it to a L{Failure}, wrap it
in L{fail}, and then return it.
@param f: The callable to invoke
@param args: The arguments to pass to C{f}
@param kwargs: The keyword arguments to pass to C{f}
@return: The result of the function call, wrapped in a L{Deferred} if
necessary.
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Enable or disable L{Deferred} debugging.
When debugging is on, the call stacks from creation and invocation are
recorded, and added to any L{AlreadyCalledError}s we raise.
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Determine whether L{Deferred} debugging is enabled.
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A default translation function that translates L{Failure}s that are
L{CancelledError}s to L{TimeoutError}s.
@param value: Anything
@param timeout: The timeout
@raise TimeoutError: If C{value} is a L{Failure} that is a L{CancelledError}.
@raise Exception: If C{value} is a L{Failure} that is not a L{CancelledError},
it is re-raised.
@since: 16.5
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@cvar _NO_RESULT:
The result used to represent the fact that there is no result.
B{Never ever ever use this as an actual result for a Deferred}.
You have been warned.
@cvar _CONTINUE:
A marker left in L{Deferred.callback}s to indicate a Deferred chain.
Always accompanied by a Deferred instance in the args tuple pointing at
the Deferred which is chained to the Deferred which has this marker.
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_NO_RESULT� _CONTINUEr6 r9 r7 r� r� � s � � � ��J���Ir9 r� � _NONE_KWARGS�_DeferredResultT)�
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Print tracebacks and die.
If the *last* (and I do mean *last*) callback leaves me in an error
state, print a traceback (if said errback is a L{Failure}).
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This is a callback which will be put off until later.
Why do we want this? Well, in cases where a function in a threaded
program would block until it gets a result, for Twisted it should
not block. Instead, it should return a L{Deferred}.
This can be implemented for protocols that run over the network by
writing an asynchronous protocol for L{twisted.internet}. For methods
that come from outside packages that are not under our control, we use
threads (see for example L{twisted.enterprise.adbapi}).
For more information about Deferreds, see doc/core/howto/defer.html or
U{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/defer.html}
When creating a Deferred, you may provide a canceller function, which
will be called by d.cancel() to let you do any clean-up necessary if the
user decides not to wait for the deferred to complete.
@ivar called: A flag which is C{False} until either C{callback} or
C{errback} is called and afterwards always C{True}.
@ivar paused: A counter of how many unmatched C{pause} calls have been made
on this instance.
@ivar _suppressAlreadyCalled: A flag used by the cancellation mechanism
which is C{True} if the Deferred has no canceller and has been
cancelled, C{False} otherwise. If C{True}, it can be expected that
C{callback} or C{errback} will eventually be called and the result
should be silently discarded.
@ivar _runningCallbacks: A flag which is C{True} while this instance is
executing its callback chain, used to stop recursive execution of
L{_runCallbacks}
@ivar _chainedTo: If this L{Deferred} is waiting for the result of another
L{Deferred}, this is a reference to the other Deferred. Otherwise,
L{None}.
Fr N�
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Initialize a L{Deferred}.
@param canceller: a callable used to stop the pending operation
scheduled by this L{Deferred} when L{Deferred.cancel} is invoked.
The canceller will be passed the deferred whose cancellation is
requested (i.e., C{self}).
If a canceller is not given, or does not invoke its argument's
C{callback} or C{errback} method, L{Deferred.cancel} will
invoke L{Deferred.errback} with a L{CancelledError}.
Note that if a canceller is not given, C{callback} or
C{errback} may still be invoked exactly once, even though
defer.py will have already invoked C{errback}, as described
above. This allows clients of code which returns a L{Deferred}
to cancel it without requiring the L{Deferred} instantiator to
provide any specific implementation support for cancellation.
New in 10.1.
@type canceller: a 1-argument callable which takes a L{Deferred}. The
return result is ignored.
N���)� callbacks�
_cancellerrg r� r� � traceback� format_stackr� �r� r� s r7 �__init__zDeferred.__init__� sC � �4 02���#��� �:�:� '�k�D�O�&/�&<�&<�&>�s��&C�D�O�O� #� r9 r6 rX ).z;Union[_NextDeferredResultT, Deferred[_NextDeferredResultT]]r^ ).zDUnion[Failure, _NextDeferredResultT, Deferred[_NextDeferredResultT]]� callbackArgs�callbackKeywords� errbackArgs�errbackKeywordsz Deferred[_NextDeferredResultT]c � � |�t }|�d}|�i }|�d}|�i }t |� sJ �t |� sJ �| j j |||f|||ff� | j r| j � t
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Add a pair of callbacks (success and error) to this L{Deferred}.
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Convenience method for adding just a callback.
See L{addCallbacks}.
)r� r� �r� �r� rX r1 r2 s r7 � addCallbackzDeferred.addCallback� s � � � � ���v� �V�Vr9 z7Deferred[Union[_DeferredResultT, _NextDeferredResultT]]c �4 � | j t |||�� S )z^
Convenience method for adding just an errback.
See L{addCallbacks}.
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Convenience method for adding a single callable as both a callback
and an errback.
See L{addCallbacks}.
)r� r� r� r� r� r� s r7 �addBothzDeferred.addBoth s. � � � � � � � � � #� "�
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r9 rp �clock�onTimeoutCancel�Deferred[_DeferredResultT]c � � ����� dg�d� �fd� }|j �|� �dt dt f���fd� }� j |� dt t t
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Time out this L{Deferred} by scheduling it to be cancelled after
C{timeout} seconds.
The timeout encompasses all the callbacks and errbacks added to this
L{defer.Deferred} before the call to L{addTimeout}, and none added
after the call.
If this L{Deferred} gets timed out, it errbacks with a L{TimeoutError},
unless a cancelable function was passed to its initialization or unless
a different C{onTimeoutCancel} callable is provided.
@param timeout: number of seconds to wait before timing out this
L{Deferred}
@param clock: The object which will be used to schedule the timeout.
@param onTimeoutCancel: A callable which is called immediately after
this L{Deferred} times out, and not if this L{Deferred} is
otherwise cancelled before the timeout. It takes an arbitrary
value, which is the value of this L{Deferred} at that exact point
in time (probably a L{CancelledError} L{Failure}), and the
C{timeout}. The default callable (if C{None} is provided) will
translate a L{CancelledError} L{Failure} into a L{TimeoutError}.
@return: C{self}.
@since: 16.5
Fr3 c �0 �� d�d< � j � y )NTr )�cancel)r� �timedOuts ��r7 � timeItOutz&Deferred.addTimeout.<locals>.timeItOutG s �� � �H�Q�K� �K�K�Mr9 r~ c �8 �� �d r�xs t } || �� S | S )Nr )r� )r~ �toCallr� r� rp s ���r7 �convertCancelledz-Deferred.addTimeout.<locals>.convertCancelledM s) �� � ��{�(�E�,E�� �e�W�-�-��Lr9 rT c �H �� �j � r�j � | S r5 )�activer� )rT � delayedCalls �r7 �
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Chain another L{Deferred} to this L{Deferred}.
This method adds callbacks to this L{Deferred} to call C{d}'s callback
or errback, as appropriate. It is merely a shorthand way of performing
the following::
d1.addCallbacks(d2.callback, d2.errback)
When you chain a deferred C{d2} to another deferred C{d1} with
C{d1.chainDeferred(d2)}, you are making C{d2} participate in the
callback chain of C{d1}.
Thus any event that fires C{d1} will also fire C{d2}.
However, the converse is B{not} true; if C{d2} is fired, C{d1} will not
be affected.
Note that unlike the case where chaining is caused by a L{Deferred}
being returned from a callback, it is possible to cause the call
stack size limit to be exceeded by chaining many L{Deferred}s
together with C{chainDeferred}.
@return: C{self}.
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Run all success callbacks that have been added to this L{Deferred}.
Each callback will have its result passed as the first argument to
the next; this way, the callbacks act as a 'processing chain'. If
the success-callback returns a L{Failure} or raises an L{Exception},
processing will continue on the *error* callback chain. If a
callback (or errback) returns another L{Deferred}, this L{Deferred}
will be chained to it (and further callbacks will not run until that
L{Deferred} has a result).
An instance of L{Deferred} may only have either L{callback} or
L{errback} called on it, and only once.
@param result: The object which will be passed to the first callback
added to this L{Deferred} (via L{addCallback}), unless C{result} is
a L{Failure}, in which case the behavior is the same as calling
C{errback(result)}.
@raise AlreadyCalledError: If L{callback} or L{errback} has already been
called on this L{Deferred}.
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Run all error callbacks that have been added to this L{Deferred}.
Each callback will have its result passed as the first
argument to the next; this way, the callbacks act as a
'processing chain'. Also, if the error-callback returns a non-Failure
or doesn't raise an L{Exception}, processing will continue on the
*success*-callback chain.
If the argument that's passed to me is not a L{Failure} instance,
it will be embedded in one. If no argument is passed, a
L{Failure} instance will be created based on the current
traceback stack.
Passing a string as `fail' is deprecated, and will be punished with
a warning message.
An instance of L{Deferred} may only have either L{callback} or
L{errback} called on it, and only once.
@param fail: The L{Failure} object which will be passed to the first
errback added to this L{Deferred} (via L{addErrback}).
Alternatively, a L{Exception} instance from which a L{Failure} will
be constructed (with no traceback) or L{None} to create a L{Failure}
instance from the current exception state (with a traceback).
@raise AlreadyCalledError: If L{callback} or L{errback} has already been
called on this L{Deferred}.
@raise NoCurrentExceptionError: If C{fail} is L{None} but there is
no current exception state.
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Stop processing on a L{Deferred} until L{unpause}() is called.
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Process all callbacks made since L{pause}() was called.
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Cancel this L{Deferred}.
If the L{Deferred} has not yet had its C{errback} or C{callback} method
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Run the chain of callbacks once a result is available.
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it is already running above us on the call stack. If C{self.paused} is
true, the loop also won't run, because that's what it means to be
paused.
The loop will terminate before processing all of the callbacks if a
L{Deferred} without a result is encountered.
If a L{Deferred} I{with} a result is encountered, that result is taken
and the loop proceeds.
@note: The implementation is complicated slightly by the fact that
chaining (associating two L{Deferred}s with each other such that one
will wait for the result of the other, as happens when a Deferred is
returned from a callback on another L{Deferred}) is supported
iteratively rather than recursively, to avoid running out of stack
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Nr� Tr rl Fz|Callback returned the Deferred it was attached to; this breaks the callback chain and will raise an exception in the future.rT re )�_runningCallbacksr� r� r� �poprh rT r+ r� r rW r> r� r� r� r* �getattrr� r� r� rb rg � cleanFailurer� )
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Adapt this L{Deferred} into a L{Future} which is bound to C{loop}.
@note: converting a L{Deferred} to an L{Future} consumes both
its result and its errors, so this method implicitly converts
C{self} into a L{Deferred} firing with L{None}, regardless of what
its result previously would have been.
@since: Twisted 17.5.0
@param loop: The L{asyncio} event loop to bind the L{Future} to.
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@note: This creates a L{Deferred} from a L{Future}, I{not} from
a C{coroutine}; in other words, you will need to call
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L{asyncio.Task} yourself to get from a C{coroutine} to a
L{Future} if what you have is an awaitable coroutine and
not a L{Future}. (The length of this list of techniques is
exactly why we have left it to the caller!)
@since: Twisted 17.5.0
@param future: The L{Future} to adapt.
@return: A L{Deferred} which will fire when the L{Future} fires.
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coroutine.
Coroutine functions return a coroutine object, similar to how
generators work. This function turns that coroutine into a Deferred,
meaning that it can be used in regular Twisted code. For example::
import treq
from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred
from twisted.internet.task import react
async def crawl(pages):
results = {}
for page in pages:
results[page] = await treq.content(await treq.get(page))
return results
def main(reactor):
pages = [
"http://localhost:8080"
]
d = Deferred.fromCoroutine(crawl(pages))
d.addCallback(print)
return d
react(main)
@since: Twisted 21.2.0
@param coro: The coroutine object to schedule.
@raise ValueError: If C{coro} is not a coroutine or generator.
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@param coro: The coroutine object to schedule, or a L{Deferred}.
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it happened.
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The I{str} of L{FirstError} instances includes the I{str} of the
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the index of the L{FirstError}.
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Comparison between L{FirstError} and other L{FirstError} instances
is defined as the comparison of the index and sub-failure of each
instance. L{FirstError} instances don't compare equal to anything
that isn't a L{FirstError} instance.
@since: 8.2
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L{DeferredList} is a tool for collecting the results of several Deferreds.
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list of (success, result) tuples, 'success' being a boolean.
L{DeferredList} exposes the same API that L{Deferred} does, so callbacks and
errbacks can be added to it in the same way.
L{DeferredList} is implemented by adding callbacks and errbacks to each
L{Deferred} in the list passed to it. This means callbacks and errbacks
added to the Deferreds before they are passed to L{DeferredList} will change
the result that L{DeferredList} sees (i.e., L{DeferredList} is not special).
Callbacks and errbacks can also be added to the Deferreds after they are
passed to L{DeferredList} and L{DeferredList} may change the result that
they see.
See the documentation for the C{__init__} arguments for more information.
@ivar _deferredList: The L{list} of L{Deferred}s to track.
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Initialize a DeferredList.
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C{deferredList} fires with a non-failure result without waiting for
any of the other Deferreds. When this flag is set, the DeferredList
will fire with a two-tuple: the first element is the result of the
Deferred which fired; the second element is the index in
C{deferredList} of that Deferred.
@param fireOnOneErrback: (keyword param) a flag indicating that this
L{DeferredList} will fire when the first L{Deferred} in
C{deferredList} fires with a failure result without waiting for any
of the other Deferreds. When this flag is set, if a Deferred in the
list errbacks, the DeferredList will errback with a L{FirstError}
failure wrapping the failure of that Deferred.
@param consumeErrors: (keyword param) a flag indicating that failures in
any of the included L{Deferred}s should not be propagated to
errbacks added to the individual L{Deferred}s after this
L{DeferredList} is constructed. After constructing the
L{DeferredList}, any errors in the individual L{Deferred}s will be
converted to a callback result of L{None}. This is useful to
prevent spurious 'Unhandled error in Deferred' messages from being
logged. This does not prevent C{fireOnOneErrback} from working.
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the list.
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C{fireOnOneCallback}/C{fireOnOneErrback} flag is set and the
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non-failure/failure result, do nothing in the C{cancel} method.
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have fired, or when any one of them has failed.
This method can be cancelled by calling the C{cancel} method of the
L{Deferred}, all the L{Deferred}s in the list will be cancelled.
This differs from L{DeferredList} in that you don't need to parse
the result for success/failure.
@param consumeErrors: (keyword param) a flag, defaulting to False,
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is useful to prevent spurious 'Unhandled error in Deferred' messages
from being logged. This parameter is available since 11.1.0.
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L{deferredGenerator} and L{waitForDeferred} help you write
L{Deferred}-using code that looks like a regular sequential function.
Consider the use of L{inlineCallbacks} instead, which can accomplish
the same thing in a more concise manner.
There are two important functions involved: L{waitForDeferred}, and
L{deferredGenerator}. They are used together, like this::
@deferredGenerator
def thingummy():
thing = waitForDeferred(makeSomeRequestResultingInDeferred())
yield thing
thing = thing.getResult()
print(thing) #the result! hoorj!
L{waitForDeferred} returns something that you should immediately yield; when
your generator is resumed, calling C{thing.getResult()} will either give you
the result of the L{Deferred} if it was a success, or raise an exception if it
was a failure. Calling C{getResult} is B{absolutely mandatory}. If you do
not call it, I{your program will not work}.
L{deferredGenerator} takes one of these waitForDeferred-using generator
functions and converts it into a function that returns a L{Deferred}. The
result of the L{Deferred} will be the last value that your generator yielded
unless the last value is a L{waitForDeferred} instance, in which case the
result will be L{None}. If the function raises an unhandled exception, the
L{Deferred} will errback instead. Remember that C{return result} won't work;
use C{yield result; return} in place of that.
Note that not yielding anything from your generator will make the L{Deferred}
result in L{None}. Yielding a L{Deferred} from your generator is also an error
condition; always yield C{waitForDeferred(d)} instead.
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generator raised an exception. For example::
@deferredGenerator
def thingummy():
thing = waitForDeferred(makeSomeRequestResultingInDeferred())
yield thing
thing = thing.getResult()
if thing == 'I love Twisted':
# will become the result of the Deferred
yield 'TWISTED IS GREAT!'
return
else:
# will trigger an errback
raise Exception('DESTROY ALL LIFE')
Put succinctly, these functions connect deferred-using code with this 'fake
blocking' style in both directions: L{waitForDeferred} converts from a
L{Deferred} to the 'blocking' style, and L{deferredGenerator} converts from the
'blocking' style to a L{Deferred}.
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Note: this is currently implemented by raising an exception
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at a point in its callback chain.
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L{inlineCallbacks} helps you write L{Deferred}-using code that looks like a
regular sequential function. For example::
@inlineCallbacks
def thingummy():
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print(thing) # the result! hoorj!
When you call anything that results in a L{Deferred}, you can simply yield it;
your generator will automatically be resumed when the Deferred's result is
available. The generator will be sent the result of the L{Deferred} with the
'send' method on generators, or if the result was a failure, 'throw'.
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will result in the return value of the generator (or will fail with a
failure object if your generator raises an unhandled exception). Note that
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instead. Falling off the end of the generator, or simply using C{return}
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this::
result = yield result
returnValue(result)
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generator raised an exception::
@inlineCallbacks
def thingummy():
thing = yield makeSomeRequestResultingInDeferred()
if thing == 'I love Twisted':
# will become the result of the Deferred
returnValue('TWISTED IS GREAT!')
else:
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raise Exception('DESTROY ALL LIFE')
It is possible to use the C{return} statement instead of L{returnValue}::
@inlineCallbacks
def loadData(url):
response = yield makeRequest(url)
return json.loads(response)
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@ivar size: The maximum number of objects to allow into the queue
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@ivar backlog: The maximum number of L{Deferred} gets to allow at
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